Calcitonin is a 32 amino acid peptide which can be demonstrated in C cells of the normal and hyperplastic thyroid. Staining for calcitonin may be used for the identification of a spectrum of C cell proliferative abnormalities ranging from C cell hyperplasia to invasive tumors. Staining for calcitonin in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid produces a fine granular pattern in the cytoplasm. Amyloid deposits within the tumor may also exhibit varying degrees of calcitonin activity.
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